List of Abbreviations
xiii
1.2. Project Description
24
1.3. Theoretical Background and Methodology
28
1.4. Structure of the Book
32
2. Theoretical and Analytical Frameworks
35
2.1. International Law and Its Humanization
35
2.2. Fineman on Vulnerability
38
2.3. Humanization of the International Investment Regime and the Vulnerability Theory
43
2.4. The International Investment Regime through the Lens of Vulnerability
54
2.5. Assessing State Responsiveness in the International Investment Regime
60
3. Great Power Does Not Always Come with Great Responsibility: Asymmetry in International Investment Law (IIL) Through the Lens of Vulnerability
69
3.2.1. Asymmetry in International Investment Agreements (IIAs)
75
3.2.1.1. Procedural Asymmetries
76
3.2.1.2. Substantive Asymmetries
86
3.2.2. Asymmetry before Arbitral Tribunals
92
3.3. Clashing Arguments about the Asymmetry
98
3.4. Unjustified Nature of the Asymmetry through the Lens of Vulnerability
106
4. A Noble EffortWindow Dressing? Computational Analysis of Human Rights–related Investor Obligations in IIAs*
117
4.2. Human Rights–related Investor Obligations
120
4.3.2. Research Design
133
4.3.2.2. Location in Treaty Text
136
4.3.2.3. Addressee of the Provision
137
4.3.2.4. Strictness of the Provision’s Language
138
4.3.2.5. Subject Matter of the Obligation
139
4.4. Evolution of Investor Obligations – Turning Tides?
141
4.5. Quality versus Quantity? Analyzing Human Rights–related Investor Obligations
147
5. Policies on Foreign Investment in National Action Plans (NAPs) on Business and Human Rights (BHR): Transformative ChangeReproduction?*
169
5.2. NAPs and Foreign Investment Regulation
173
5.3. Comparing Provisions on Foreign Investments in NAPs
180
5.3.1. Assessing NAPs
180
5.4. The (not yet fully unleashed) Potential of NAPs
196
6. Decoding Responsiveness at the Crossroads of the International Investment Regime and the BHR Treaty
207
6.2. State Responsiveness through Treaty Submissions
210
6.3. The Role of the Intergovernmental Working Group on Transnational Corporations and the Legally Binding Instrument
213
6.4. International Investments in the Drafts
219
6.5. The International Investment Regime in State Submissions to the IGWG
229
6.5.1. The Hierarchy between Human Rights and Investment Obligations
235
6.5.2. Investor Obligations
238
6.5.3. Support for Sustainable and Human Rights–Friendly Investments
240
6.5.4. Concerns and Challenges
242
6.5.5. Interim Conclusions
244
6.6. State Submissions through the Lens of Vulnerability
245
8.2. Books and Book Chapters
276
8.3. Treaties and Declarations
285
8.5. Official Documents
288
8.6. Websites, News Articles and Blog Posts
293
8.8. Reports and Scholarly Papers
303